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This book showcases the current state of the art of research on rhythm in speech and language. Decades of study have revealed that bodily rhythms are crucial for producing and understanding speech and language, and for understanding their evolution and variability across populations-not only adults, but also developmental and clinical populations. It is also clear that there is perplexing dimensionality and variability of rhythm within and across languages. This book offers the scientific foundation for harmonizing physiological universality and cultural diversity, fostering collaborative breakthroughs across research domains. Its fifty chapters cover physiology, cognition, and culture, presenting knowledge from neuroscience, cognitive science, psychology, phonetics, and communication research. Ideal for academics, researchers, and professionals seeking interdisciplinary insights into the essence of human communication. This title is also available as open access on Cambridge Core.
What was the role of local history-writing in the early Islamic World, and why was it such a popular way of thinking about the past? In this innovative study, Harry Munt explores this understudied phenomenon. Examining primary sources in both Arabic and Persian, Munt argues that local history-writing must be situated within its appropriate historical contexts to explain why it was such a popular way of thinking about the past, more popular than most other contemporary forms of history-writing. The period until the end of the eleventh century CE saw many significant developments in ideas about community, about elite groups and about social authority. This study demonstrates how local history-writing played a key role in these developments, forming part of the way that Muslim scholars negotiated the dialogues between more universalist and more particularist approaches to the understanding of communities. Munt further demonstrates that local historians were participating in debates that ranged into disciplines far beyond history-writing.
Plagiarism and appropriation are hot topics when they appear in the news. A politician copies a section of a speech, a section of music sounds familiar, the plot of a novel follows the same pattern as an older story, a piece of scientific research is attributed to the wrong researcher… The list is endless. Allegations and convictions of such incidents can easily ruin a career and inspire gossip. People report worrying about unconsciously appropriating someone else's work. But why do people plagiarise? How many claims of unconscious plagiarism are truthful? How is plagiarism detected, and what are the outcomes for the perpetrators and victims? Strikingly Similar uncovers the deeper psychology behind this controversial human behavior, as well as a cultural history that is far wider and more interesting than sensationalised news stories.
The first generations of Italian Humanists, which included Petrarch, Boccaccio, Giovanni Conversini, and Leon Battista Alberti, wrestled with the crisis of vocational choice amid struggles with their natal and conjugal families. Instead of following their fathers into conventional and reliably stable professions, they instead chose a literary and scholarly path not yet recognized as a viable profession. The inchoate nature of their careers, together with their propensity to write about themselves, created a unique setting for the emergence of modern notions of secular vocation. In this study, George McClure analyzes the rich residue of humanist writings – letters, autobiographies, dialogues, polemics, and fictional works – that defined the values of a literary life against the traditional models of monk, priest, physician, lawyer, or merchant. Collectively, they serve as the first substantive discourse on the moral and psychological meaning of work, which helped to lay the foundation for a general concept of secular vocation.
International Law is the definitive and authoritative text on the subject. It has long been established as a leading authority in the field, offering an unbeatable combination of clarity of expression and academic rigour, ensuring understanding and analysis in an engaging and authoritative style. Explaining the leading rules, practice and caselaw, this treatise retains and develops the detailed referencing which encourages and assists the reader in further study. The 10th edition has been updated to reflect the most recent developments in the field, offering expanded coverage of the law of outer space, the law of the sea, the International Court of Justice, and international humanitarian law. Additional material has also been added to sections on cyber operations and non-state actors. International Law is invaluable for students and for those occupied in private practice, governmental service and international organisations.
South Asia's economies, as well as the scholarship on their economic histories, have been transformed in recent decades. This landmark new reference history will guide economists and historians through these transformations in Bangladesh, India and Pakistan. Part I revisits the colonial period with fresh perspectives and updated scholarship, incorporating recent research on topics such as gender, caste, environment, and entrepreneurship. The contributors highlight the complex and diverse experiences of different groups to offer a more nuanced understanding of the past. Part II focuses on economic and social changes in South Asia over the last seventy-five years, offering a comprehensive view of the region's historical trajectory. Together, the contributions to this volume help to reassess the impact of colonialism through a more informed lens, as well as providing analysis of the challenges and progress made since independence.
The third and final volume examines the American Revolution and its consequences, continuities, and legacies. Across thirty essays, ranging from broad, topical chapters to innovative, shorter 'viewpoints', the volume sheds light on how the American Revolution reverberated worldwide from the Constitution's ratification to twenty-first century cultural battles over the Revolution's meanings. Americans of all stripes adapted old rituals and structures to national independence, new rights, and republican politics, while enslaved and Indigenous peoples contended with the nation's intensification of the exploitation of humans and land. The Revolution's global shockwaves buffeted empires and the people who resisted them. From the eighteenth century to today, Americans and people across the world have contested how we remember the American Revolution.
Volume I offers a broad perspective on urban culture in the ancient European world. It begins with chronological overviews which paint in broad brushstrokes a picture that serves as a frame for the thematic chapters in the rest of the volume. Positioning ancient Europe within its wider context, it touches on Asia and Africa as regions that informed and were later influenced by urban development in Europe, with particular emphasis on the Mediterranean basin. Topics range from formal characteristics (including public space), water provision, waste disposal, urban maintenance, spaces for the dead, and border spaces; to ways of thinking about, visualising, and remembering cities in antiquity; to conflict within and between cities, economics, mobility and globalisation, intersectional urban experiences, slavery, political participation, and religion.
Volume II charts European urbanism between 700–1850, the millennium during which Europe became the world's most urbanised region. Featuring thirty-six chapters from leading scholars working on all the major linguistic areas of Europe, the volume offers a state-of-the-art survey that explores and explains this transformation, how similar or different such processes were across Europe, and how far it is possible to discern traits that characterise European urbanism in this period. The first half of the volume offers overviews on the urban history of Mediterranean Europe, Atlantic and North Sea Europe, Central and Eastern Europe, and European urbanisms around the world. The second half explores major themes, from the conceptualisation of cities and their material fabric to continuities and changes in the social, political, economic, religious, and cultural histories of cities and towns.
The second volume focuses on the years of upheaval during the American Revolution between 1775 and 1789. It breaks new ground by surveying a wide range of internal conflicts in the thirteen colonies, the trauma of a bloody war and its consequences, as well as the continental, hemispheric, and global forces shaping warfare and politics in this era. Together, the essays expand our understanding of how various people navigated military occupation, community conflict, governmental paralysis, interpersonal relationships, institutional collapse, and the slipperiness of allegiances. Through sweeping interpretative essays and micro-history viewpoints, the volume highlights the interplay of class, race, and gender in a wartime context and how these dynamics played out and were influenced by broader geopolitical developments. The depths of division and grand possibilities are explored – and interrupt our long-standing notions of traditional linear narratives of nation-making in this era.
The first volume delves into how the context of the American Revolution was set, taking readers across North America and the world to reveal the far-flung people, events, institutions, cultures, and ideas that led to its inception. Through a global lens, the volume shows how empires struggled with political and economic reforms, as well as popular protest, while competing and warring with each other. On a continental scale, long-term environmental and economic structures, native peoples, colonial settlers, and their interactions set the parameters for revolutionary conflict. Focusing on the thirteen colonies, -particularly groups who are traditionally overlooked- the essays shed light on the specific milieus in which the Revolution took place, examining and reinterpreting the iconic events leading up to independence and war. A mixture of broad topical essays and short innovative “viewpoints”, together the essays question notions of American exceptionalism while emphasizing both change and continuity.
Heidegger criticized Plato alleging that all metaphysics is Platonism and that metaphysics is a misunderstanding and falsification of the question of Being. Is it possible to defend Platonism against this Heideggerian accusation? Three thinkers among Heidegger's first generation of students answered this question affirmatively, and appropriated Platonic philosophy in order to respond to Heidegger's critique and to criticize his thought more broadly. Antoine Pageau-St Hilaire examines the Platonic critiques of Heidegger found in the works of Leo Strauss, Hans-Georg Gadamer, and Gerhard Krüger in the context from which they emerged, namely the intellectual constellation of Marburg as shaped by Marburg Neo-Kantian Platonism and the philological innovations of Paul Friedländer. His rich study illuminates neglected aspects of the reception of Plato in the German tradition, and presents a new narrative of developments in post-Heideggerian thought.
This engaging textbook provides a unique introduction to language and society, by showing students how to tap into the linguistic resources of their communities. Assuming no prior experience of linguistics, it begins with chapters on introductory methods and ethics, creating a foundation for students to think of themselves as linguists. It then offers students the sociolinguistics tools they need to look both locally and globally at language and the social issues with which it interacts. The book is illustrated throughout with examples from 98 distinct languages, enabling students to connect their local experiences with global ones, and each chapter ends with classroom and community-focused exercises, to help them discover the underlying rules that shape language use in their own lives. Students will gain a greater appreciation for, and understanding of, the linguistically diverse and culturally complex sociolinguistic issues around the world, and how language interacts with multiple domains of society.
How is it possible for the mind to be in contact with the world? How does perceiving an object differ from merely thinking about it? Is perception different for those beings who can also think? Do perceptions have representatives in language? Can mere perceptions warrant beliefs? Or is claiming so to succumb to the Myth of the Given? Frode Kjosavik presents a richly detailed account of Kant's notion of intuition, which addresses both the nature of intuition and the role it plays in Kant's epistemology. Many approaches in the analytic and phenomenological traditions are inspired by Kant's take on intuition – whether 'pure' intuition or sensory perception -- but the epistemic contributions of intuition are often downplayed or obscured. Kjosavik's highly original reading of Kant's theory of intuition connects it with present-day philosophical debates about the nature of human and animal perception, and illuminates its lasting relevance to those debates.
In the evolving landscape of psychological research and communication, The Psychologist's Companion, stands as the definitive guide supporting students, young professionals, and researchers in psychology at all stages of their careers. This seventh edition presents new and updated chapters covering a wide range of topics essential for success in psychology, including planning and writing research papers, presenting data effectively, evaluating one's own work, writing grant proposals, giving talks and presentations, finding a book publisher, navigating job interviews, and more! Serving as an invaluable resource for improving both written and oral communication skills in academic psychology, the content is structured as a step-by-step manual focusing on practical skills and contemporary issues. It guides readers through various tasks encountered during psychological research and academic life. Whether you're crafting your first paper or seeking to enhance your scholarly impact, this book provides the tools and knowledge to excel in today's competitive academic environment.
While French political discourse in the late Middle Ages had been based on ancient Roman ideas that government existed for the common good (le bien public, or la chose publique, a French translation of the Latin res publica), these ideas began to evolve in the 1570s. Although references to the common good continued to be used right up to the French Revolution, they were gradually overtaken by a focus on the good of the State (le bien de l'État). James B. Collins demonstrates how this evolution in language existed at every social level from the peasant village up to the royal court. By analysing the language used in scores of local, regional and national lists of grievances presented to provincial estates and the Estates-General, Collins demonstrates how the growth was as much a bottom-up process as a top-down enforcement of royal power.